Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: promise or peril?

Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and cardiovascular events.

The Promise Introduction of selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors held a promise of improved treatment of arthritis without the gastrointestinal effects associated with aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which effect both COX-1 and COX-2 activity. Celecoxib, etodolac, meloxicam, and rofecoxib are classified as selective COX-2 inhibitors. Initial placebo and l...

Etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, induces apoptosis by activating caspases in human malignant rhabdoid tumor cells (FRTK-1).

Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare and highly aggressive tumor presenting in the kidney and soft tissue in childhood. However, effective treatment for MRT has not been established. We investigated the antitumor effect of etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on MRT cells in vitro using the MRT cell line FRTK-1. Etodolac induced apoptosis of FRTK-1 cells through activation of c...

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 5-Oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8 Hexahydroquinoline Derivatives as Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors

A group of regioisomeric 5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8 hexahydroquinoline derivatives possessing a COX-2 SO2Me pharmacophore at the para position of the C-2 or C-4 phenyl ring, in conjunction with a C-4 or C-2 phenyl (4-H) or substituted-phenyl ring (4-F,4-Cl,4-Br,4-OMe,4-Me, 4-NO2), were designed for evaluation as selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. These target 5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8 hexahydroquino...

Assessment of the Effects of Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors on the Immune Status Following Surgery in Adult Male Rats

Background and Objectives: Surgery via different mechanisms causes immunosuppression in the post-operative period. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of preoperative administration of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on blood levels of Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), white blood cells (WBCs) and lymphocytes. Methods: Seventy-five ma...

Running Head: PROMISE AND PERIL Promise and Peril in Implementing Pay for Performance: A Report on Thirteen Natural Experiments